productivity of rivers and streams

65:159–170. Smolt‐to‐adult survival rates (SARs) accounted for a majority of the variation in life cycle survival rates of Snake River Chinook Salmon. 35:1102–1108. Oglesby, R. T. 1978. The productivity of macrophytes in streams and rivers is limited by a variety of interacting factors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. A sound understanding of biological production is essential to the effective science-based management of ecosystems. J. Freshwater Ecol. Algae are the most significant source of primary food in most rivers or streams. The limnology of Cayuga Lake, p. 1–120. 46:191–202. Not logged in Rates of production for large tropical rivers are similar to those for streams, although factors that regulate production are different and hence they respond differently to human impact. J. Geographic Names Information System (GNIS), Mapping, Remote Sensing, and Geospatial Data, Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center, Distribution and Controls over Habitat and Food-web Structures and Processes in Great Lakes Estuaries. Schindler, D. W. and E. J. The role of algae in the diet of Asellus aquaticus L. and Gammarus pulex L. J. 35:962–969. Likens, G. E., F. H. Bormann, N. M. Johnson, D. W. Fisher, and R. S. Pierce. 1976. 1976. Storch, T. A. and G. A. Dietrich. scale variation in light within headwater streams. 44:714–730. Animal Ecol. ERDA Symp. 1978. Examples of these influences on temperate river systems are numerous. 11:371–377. Ecosystem persistence and heterotrophic regulation. 40:977–980. 2 . Biol. in relation to fungal epidemics. Dawson, F. H. and V. Kern-Hansen. O’Neill, R. V. and D. E. Reichle. Cummins, K.W. Woodwell, G. M., R. H. Whittaker, W. A. Reiners, G. E. Likens, C. C. Delwiche and D. B. Botkin. Effects of grazing by estuarine gammaridean amphipods on the microbiota of allochthonous detritus. Hutchinson, G. L. and F. G. Viets Jr. 1969. Rev. Aquatic Bot. Report to U.S. 40:569–671. 1976. Press, Corvallis. Limnol. Bot. The ecology of Chytridium deltanum and other fungus parasites on Oocystis spp. Springer-Verlag, New York. Fluctuations in the number of Asterionella formosa Hass. Moss, B., R. G. Wetzel, and G. H. Lauff. Malone, T. C. 1977. Not affiliated RIVERS Rivers are the largest types of stream, moving large amounts of water from higher to lower elevations.The Amazon River, the world’s river with the greatest flow, has a flow rate of nearly 220,000 cubic meters per second! Limnol. Internat. Oceanogr. A. Bloomfield (ed. Trophic structure and productivity of Silver Springs, Florida. The importance of regenerated nitrogen in a subalpine lake. 58:546–549. Allen, T. F. H. 1979. Can. Algal toxins. Conductivity is the reciprocal of electrical resistance (ohms). Relationships between metabolic parameters and stream order in Oregon. These larger streams remain well oxygenated because air is entrained by turbulent flow in ri#es. 1981. Bott, T. L. and F. P. Ritter. J. Environ. 31:253–263. 1965. J. Rivers and Streams are places where water is being transported from one place to another. Larger rivers become more influential on network-scale GPP as watershed size increases, but small streams with relatively low productivity disproportionately influence net- work GPP due to their large collective surface area. Int. Mid. Microbiol. Whitford, L. A. and G. L. Schumacher. Along with the surface water runoff, rivers and streams receive sedimentation and other materials from the watershed. Steinberg, C. 1978. Minshall, G. W. 1978. A comparative study of the primary productivity, higher aquatic plants, periphyton, and phytoplankton in a large shallow lake. 1979. Its importance has made rivers, oceans, streams, and lakes the subjects of many research projects. Can. Methods of assessing aquatic primary productivity, pp. 10:434–442. Guide Beach Pollution 101 Chang, W. Y. Along the way, the river biome serves as an important life-giving source to many plants and animals. Kitchell, J. F., R. V. O’Neill, D. Webb, G. W. Gallepp, S. M. Bartell, J. F. Koonce, and B. S. Ausmus. 20:935–944. Organic energy budget of Rattlesnake Springs, Washington. 1982. Kaplan, L. A. and T. L. Bott. 1965. Report to U.S. Productivity in sessile algal community of Japanese mountain river. Am. Annual metabolism of a desert stream-segment ecosystem: Rock Creek, Idaho. Reichle, D. E., R. V. O’Neill, and W. F. Harris. 5:157–171. Marra, J. Barsdate, R. J., R. T. Prentki and T. Fenchel. Movement of elements through a forest soil as influenced by tree removal and fertilizer addition, pp. J. Bot 49:75–87. 43:421–439. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia. Effects of grazing on the quantity and quality of freshwater aufwuchs. ), Native mussel biopsy ​​​​​​​(Public domain.). Research shows that headwater streams support over 290 groups of animal and plant life, and some of them are only found in headwater stream habitats and not found in larger rivers. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. Biol. Fish. Autotrophic production of particulate matter, pp. Res. B. Jorgensen, and O. Brix. Nutrient cycling and the stability of ecosystems, pp. Ital. Decomposition of aquatic angiosperms. Bott, T. L. and K. Rogenmuser. Rev. 15:399–405. 10:341–34. 33:1553–1563. In: R. H. Waring (ed. Hall, C. A. S. and R. Moll. Fisher and Likens (1973) expanded the conceptualization of stream system energetics to include consideration of import and export properties. Arch. Anthropogenic disturbances such as nutrient loading, invasive species introductions and habitat alterations have profoundly impacted native food web dynamics and aquatic ecosystem productivity. Annual productivity and phytoplankton changes between 1969 and 1974 in Gull Lake, Michigan. 5:301–327. Hydrobiologia 66:227–235. 27:55–112. Likens, G. E. 1975. (Public domain. Values for rivers range from 10 to 200mgCm −2 d −1 to more than 1000mgCm −2 d −1. Springer-Verlag, New York. As the water travels towards the mouths of tributaries, it warms, encouraging more plant and animal diversity. Hameedi, M. J. Living occupants … No data point selected. 1980. J. Limnology. Among these factors light and current may be considered pivotal factors in presence (and abundance) … Nutrient loading and trophic state of Lake Sammamish, Washington. 1978. Aquatic Sci. Fish. Nitrogen transformation within the trophogenic zone of lakes. Moore, J. W. 1975. 64:359–373. Resource spiralling: an operational paradigm for analyzing lotic ecosystems. Congr. Limnol. Oceanogr. Energy flow in Bear Brook, New Hampshire: An integrative approach to stream ecosystem metabolism. 1980. Geomorphology and ecosystems, pp. 27–43. 1971. Wong, S. L., B. Clark, M. Kirby and R. F. Kosciew. Wong, S. L. and B. Clark. 1981. E.P.A., Environmental Research Laboratory, Corvallis. Rev. The most widely cited studies concerning the energetics of lotic systems have been conducted on headwater streams in temperate deciduous forested regions. ), Primary productivity of the biosphere. 42:725–746. Periphyton production in Fort River, Massachusetts. These conditions differ greatly between small headwater streams and the mouths of such great rivers such as the Mississippi and the Amazon. 1978. Primary productivity in a southern Great Plains stream. 1977. Cummins, K. W. 1974. Path analysis of factors affecting primary productivity. Odum, H. T. 1957. Organic matter in suspension is by far the largest food base in these very large rivers. Freitsetzung gelosten organischen Kohlenstoffs (DOE) verschiedener Molekulgroben in Planktongesellachaften. Est. Res. Nutrient regeneration from aerobic decomposition of green algae. Proc. U.S. Mitt. Limnol. In: G. M. Woodwell and E. V. Pecan (eds. FIGURE 1 Study populations included in the stock-recruitment model to investigate environmental drivers of Chinook salmon productivity in … E.P.A. Sudo, R., H. Ohtake, S. Aiba and T. Mori. Water Res. Relationships among substrate, flow, and benthic microalgal pigment density in the Mechums River, Virginia. Open canopy, and fairly shallow water, means that light can reach the river benthos, increasing in-stream primary productivity. 1970. Res. 1979. J. B. Gentry and M. H. Smith (eds. Biol. Powers, C. F., W. D. Sanville, and F. S. Stay. In contrast, John Day River stream‐type Chinook Salmon populations, which were less affected by the FCRPS, have declined to a lesser extent and are not listed. Fish. Res. Develop predictive models useful to guide river management and river restoration and to support decisions pertaining to management of basin land use that impinges on river water quality and ecosystem health. Quantitative analysis of watershed geomorphology. 1975. Autotrophy in stream ecosystems. Oregon State Univ. Portion) OECD Eutrophication Project: Nutrient loading — Lake response relationships and trophic state indices. Some algae species attach … Aquat. If water flows through the channel throughout the year, the river or stream is called a perennial stream. The River and Stream Biome. 1963. Coast. New York State Dept. 9:205–212. 1981. Limnol. However, emissions of anthropogenic N 2 O from streams, rivers, and estuaries have received much less attention and remain a major source of uncertainty in the global anthropogenic N 2 O budget. A comparison of benthic microalgal production measured by C and oxygen methods. Natur. Am. Animals living within the stream often also become a food resource for those animals living in the landscape. Pfeifer, R. F. and W. F. McDiffett. Verh. 1979. 1975. DePinto, J. V. and F. H. Veroff. Strahler, A. N. 1957. 1976. Axler, R. P., G. W. Redfield and C. R. Goldman. ges. Revsbech, N. P., B. Cushing, C. E. and E. G. Wolf. J. of Environ. Appl. Conductivity, a meaure of electrical current flow through a solution, is expressed in units of microSiemens (uS). ), Lakes of New York State, V. 1. This is known as a lotic (flowing water) system. Sci. Liao, C. F.-H. and D. R. S. Lean. Nitrogen enrichment of surface water by absorption of ammonia volatilized from cattle feedlots. Effect of short-term variation in light intensity on photosynthesis of a marine phytoplankter: a laboratory simulation study. The benthic algae of some streams in southern England. Bd. 1975. 23:785–797. Am. Science 169:690–691. Microbial decomposition of species of freshwater planktonic algae. Assess the effectiveness of habitat rehabilitation and restoration efforts. I. Sci. 1975. Provide scientific information about the diversity, life history and species interactions that affect the condition and dynamics of aquatic communities. 281–301. 1978. Oceanogr. Colloquium. Stream periphyton development in relation to current velocity and nutrients. Rivers draining undisturbed tropical catchments are low in nutrients and consequently aquatic primary production is low. Primary production in Lakes Ontario and Erie: a comparative study. Elwood, J. W. and D. J. Nelson. Consumer regulation of nutrient cycling. In: T. D. Fontaine, III and S. M. Bartell (eds. Because of this, a plethora of information can be obtained about rivers, including their length, depth, speed, direction, ecosystem, and flow. Diel fluctuations of DOC generated by algae in a piedmont stream. USGS scientist Brent Knights conducting fish sampling on the Upper Mississippi River. A series of experiments were conducted to test the hypothesis that the concentrations of suspended algal populations in central Iowa streams are not limited by nutrient concentrations. 61:529–550. Hydrobiol. Webster, J. R., J. The biota and the world carbon budget. Hunter, R. D. 1980. 1974. Fish. Overall, however, AusRivAs assessment identified catchment processes that were inimical to river health. Academic Press, London. Effect of temperature on metabolism of periphyton communities developed in laboratory streams. No. 1973. Internat. 1981. Can. Trophic status and nutrient loading for Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada. Observations on the occurrence, distribution, and seasonal incidence of blue-green algal viruses. Exposed soil is more susceptible to wind and water erosion. The utilization of benthic microflora by Hyalella azteca (Amphipoda). XVI Internat. North American Project Trophic status and nutrient budget of Canadarago Lake. 1973. 1981. In: B. J. Changes to the Mississippi and Illinois rivers, such as levees and locks and dams, have diminished the natural flooding cycles and reduced productivity of these systems. In: T. D. Fontaine, III, and S. M. Bartell (eds. Tech. 1982. Findenegg, I. 107:404–407. An analysis of factors governing productivity in lakes and reservoirs. The speed of water also varies and is subject to chaotic turbulence. Water Res. 109.228.18.65. Triska, F. J., V. C. Kennedy, R. J. Avanzino, and B. N. Reilly. Swanson, C. D. and R. W. Bachmann. Relationship between standing crop and primary productivity, pp. Forest Soils Conf. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. With few exceptions, rivers take the water that collects in a watershed and ultimately deposits that water in the ocean. Int. Most float freely and are therefore unable to maintain large populations in fast-flowing water. 1980. 11–26. 38:860–863. Environ. Water flow can alter the shape of riverbeds through er… 34. Environ. Godshalk, G. L. and R. C. Wetzel. Ecol. Hydrobiol. Redhead, K. and S. J. L. Wright. Periphyton production and grazing rates in a stream measured with. At this time there was a good phytoplankton bloom. A. Whitton (ed. of primary productivity in the derivation of numeric nutrient criteria for streams and rivers (USEPA 2000). This encouragement for the use of algae in water quality standards and criteria development is reflected in EPA biological assessment programs. Masters, M. J. 26:332–335. Acid rain - Acid rain - Effects on lakes and rivers: The regional effects of acid deposition were first noted in parts of western Europe and eastern North America in the late 1960s and early 1970s when changes in the chemistry of rivers and lakes, often in remote locations, were linked to declines in the health of aquatic organisms such as resident fish, crayfish, and clam populations. Fungal pathogen of Cladophora glomerata. Trophic basis of production among net-spinning caddisflies in a southern Appalachian stream. Benke, A. C. and J. © 2020 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. Bd. 18:1–14. Wetzel, R. G. 1964. 1966. Thesis. Dam construction on river systems worldwide has altered hydraulic retention times, physical habitats and nutrient processing dynamics. Grazing effects of four marine intertidal herbivores on the microflora. 1978. Phosphorus cycle of model ecosystems: significance for decomposer food chains and effect of bacterial grazers. ), Primary production in aquatic environments. Headwater streams trap floodwaters, recharge groundwater supplies, remove pollution, provide fish and wildlife habitat, and sustain the health of downstream rivers, lakes and bays. Kobayasi, H. 1961. Ecol. Naiman, R. J. 12:179–184. Science 140:77–78. B. Idrobiol., 18 Suppl., Univ. (ed. ), Analysis of marine ecosystems. ), Forests: Fresh perspectives from ecosystem analysis. J. Am. Ecology 60:36–42. Hunding, C. and B. T. Hargrave. Micorbiol. facilitate the development of nutrient guidelines for streams and rivers across Canada that are scientifically defensible and that take into account the natural diversity of watercourses. Primary productivity of microalgae in sediments measured by oxygen microprofile, H. Ricklefs, R. E. 1979. 1978. Seasonal variations in precipitation and long-term changes in precipitation patterns, such as droughts, can have large effects on the availability of hydropower production. 1972. New York. Idaho State Univ., Pocatello. Information Center, Office of Public Affairs. Metabolism of a desert stream. Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips. Rivers and Streams are places where water is being transported from one place to another. Aeolian zone. Falkowski, P. G. Mem. The limiting role of phosphorus in a woodland stream ecosystem: Effects of P enrichment on leaf decomposition and primary procedures. B. Waide and B. C. Patten. Anthropogenic disturbances such as nutrient loading, invasive species introductions and habitat alterations have profoundly impacted native food web dynamics and aquatic ecosystem productivity. Mills, A.L. This production is important because some of it is used for food and some is valued for recreation, it is a direct measure of total ecosystem processes, and it sustains biological diversity. Ecol. 10:113–121. B. Wallace. 92:441–452. In: J. River ecosystems are flowing waters that drain the landscape, and include the biotic (living) interactions amongst plants, animals and micro-organisms, as well as abiotic (nonliving) physical and chemical interactions of its many parts. 1973. Periphyton dynamics in laboratory streams: a simulation model and its implications. In: C. R. Goldman (ed. Effects of Food Quality on Juvenile Unionid Mussel Survival and Growth in the St. Croix National Scenic Riverway, Evidence of Effects of Invasive Asian Carps on Selected fishes of the Upper Mississippi River System, Assessing the Threat and Predator Control of a Non-native, Aquatic Invader (Zebra Mussel, Loading, Processing, and Effects of Nutrients on Aquatic Biota in Flood Plain Backwaters and Channels of the St. Croix NSR (SACN) and Mississippi National River and Recreation Area (MISS), Effects of Hydrologic Connectivity (Water Retention Time) on Fish and Food Webs in Off-channel Areas of the Upper Mississippi River as, Effects of Asian Carp on Fish, Birds and Food Webs in Off-channel Areas of the Upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers as Determined with Fatty Acid Biomarkers, Effects of Environmental Factors on the Abundance, Size Structure and Kinds of Fish in Off-channel Areas of the Upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers as Determined with Data from the Long Term Resource Monitoring Program, Effects of Environmental Factors on Mercury Accumulation in Fish and Food Webs in Remote Lakes of the Upper Midwest. Bd. Arch. Can. 40:23–47. Swanson, F. J. Micros. An evaluation of the effects of environmental variables on marine plankton primary productivity by multivariate regression. Martin, C. W 1979. increasing in-stream primary productivity. ges. Reach‐scale productivity regimes. 53:1–25. 1980. Scale in microscopic algal ecology: a neglected dimension. Hetling, L. J., T. E. Harr, G. W. Fuhs and S. P. Allen. Primary production, standing stock and export of organic matter in a Mohave Desert thermal stream. The strength of water flow varies from torrential rapids to slow backwaters. Tett, P., C. Gallegos, M. G. Kelly, G. M. Hornberger and B. J. Cosby. Water conductivity in stream environments. Phycol. Headwater streams provide a rich resource base for productivity of stream food webs, providing food for animals living within the stream as well as food for animals living downstream. E.P.A., Environmental Research Laboratory, Corvallis. Limnol. Values for rivers range from 10 to 200mgCm-2 d-1 to more than 1000mgCm-2 d-1. Board Can. J. Anim. Benthic stream communities. 19:952–958. Environ. In: H. Lieth and R. H. Whittaker (eds. Hydrobiol. Much of this carbon is more refractory than the leaf and litter input to temperate streams. 1970. Headwater streams are the beginnings of rivers, the uppermost streams in the river network furthest from the river's endpoint or confluence with another stream. ), River ecology. 93:135–157. 230–247. II. Sci. A. E. C. Techn. Rock. E.P.A., Environmental Research Laboratory, Corvallis. In: H. Lieth and R. H. Whittaker (eds. Report to U. S. E. P. A., Environmental Research Laboratory, Corvallis. 1:113–120. In press. JOANN M. BURKHOLDER-CRECC0. Nicotri, M. E. 1977. Oikos 25:239–251. Phosphorus, nitrogen, and algae in Lake Washington after diversion of sewage. 20:581–586. 20:324–402. Oceanogr. Newbold, J. D., J. W. Elwood, R. V. O’Neill, and W. VanWinkle. Ann. Background. 3:324–329. Sci. Klug. With few exceptions, rivers take the water that collects in a watershed and ultimately deposits that water in the ocean. Experimental lakes area: Whole-lake experiments in eutrophication. 11:143–151. Wide-spread application of agricultural fertilizers has dramatically increased nitrogen loading. Nutrient spiralling in streams: The concept and its field measurement. Develop research and technology tools to provide the scientific basis for developing adaptive management strategies and evaluating their effectiveness for restoration efforts to sustain aquatic resources. ), Unifying concepts in ecology. Internat. Since the initial publication of this document in 2003, scientific support for the importance of small streams and wetlands has only increased. Johannes, R. E. 1965. J. 1981. Production is a measure of energy flow, and is therefore a natural currency for ecosystems. 1967. 1978. Structure and function of stream ecosystems. Geophys. This paper summarizes the scientific basis for understanding that the health and productivity of rivers and lakes depends upon intact small streams and wetlands. Verein. Horner, R. R. and E. B. Welch. Rast, W. and G. F. Lee. Row-crop production can also increase the sediment load in lakes and rivers. Sumner, W. T. and S. G. Fisher. Primary productivity of inland aquatic ecosystems, pp. ), Mineral cycling in Southeastern ecosystems. Bioscience 29:28–34. landscapes. Estimating daily rates of extracellular dissolved organic carbon release by phytoplankton populations. We identified two clearly distinct metabolic regimes, Summer Peak and Spring Peak Rivers, within our dataset of 47 U.S. streams and rivers.

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