republic of ireland

Diplomats were accredited to the king, but the president exercised all internal functions of a head of state. [61], The country officially exited recession in 2010, assisted by a growth in exports from US multinationals in Ireland. [167] Annual population growth rates exceeded 2% during the 2002–2006 intercensal period, which was attributed to high rates of natural increase and immigration. The head of State, the President, is elected for seven years by the adult citizens. Many Dublin-based theatres developed links with their London equivalents, and British productions frequently found their way to the Irish stage. Ireland has been a member state of the European Union since 1973, but is not part of the Schengen Area. The country is sometimes called the Republic of Ireland in order to distinguish between the territory of the Irish state and island proper, but Ireland is its official name. Michael B. Sauter and Alexander E. M. Hess, Weekly Mass Attendance of Catholics in Nations with Large Catholic Populations, 1980–2000 –, Section 2 of the Official Languages Act 2003, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Executive Council of the Irish Free State, Articles 2 and 3 of the Constitution of Ireland, Local government in the Republic of Ireland, Law enforcement in the Republic of Ireland, Foreign relations of the Republic of Ireland, Presidency of the Council of the European Union, Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, Corporation tax in the Republic of Ireland, List of urban areas in the Republic of Ireland by population, Programme for International Student Assessment, The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman, Royal Institute of the Architects of Ireland, Republic of Ireland national football team, Protection of Life During Pregnancy Act 2013, Health (Regulation of Termination of Pregnancy) Act 2018, Civil Partnership and Certain Rights and Obligations of Cohabitants Act 2010, Children and Family Relationships Act 2015, "CSO Census 2016 Chapter 6 – Ethnicity and Irish Travellers", "Profile 8 – Irish Travellers Ethnicity and Religion", "Population and migration estimates April 2020", "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2019", "Gini coefficient of equivalised disposable income – EU-SILC survey", "Population and Migration Estimates, April 2018", "Country Comparison: GDP – per capita (PPP)", "Ireland: As the Celtic Tiger roars its last", "New Developments in Irish Population History 1700–1850", "Prelude to the Irish Famine – Demographics", "Population Change and Historical Perspective", "The Hay Plan & Conscription in Ireland During WW1", "Dáil Éireann debates, 7 January 1922: Debate on Treaty", "Northern Ireland Parliamentary Report, 7 December 1922", "Dáil Éireann – Volume T – 19 December, 1921 (Debate on Treaty)", "The Irish Free State/Éire/Republic of Ireland/Ireland: "A Country by Any Other Name"? Opera Ireland produces large-scale operas in Dublin, the Opera Theatre Company tours its chamber-style operas throughout the country, and the annual Wexford Opera Festival, which promotes lesser-known operas, takes place during October and November. Apart from the influence by European and international dishes, there has been an emergence of a new Irish cuisine based on traditional ingredients handled in new ways. The Enterprise service, which runs jointly with Northern Ireland Railways, connects Dublin and Belfast. Oral answers. Christianity is the predominant religion, and while Ireland remains a predominantly Catholic country, the percentage of the population who identified as Catholic on the census has fallen sharply from 84.2 percent in the 2011 census to 78.3 percent in the most recent 2016 census. [111] However, the stabilisation of the Irish credit bubble required a large transfer of debt from the private sector balance sheet (highest OECD leverage), to the public sector balance sheet (almost unleveraged, pre-crisis), via Irish bank bailouts and public deficit spending. [57] Hedgerows, which are traditionally used to define land boundaries, are an important substitute for woodland habitat, providing refuge for native wild flora and a wide range of insect, bird and mammal species. Ireland's special forces include the Army Ranger Wing, which trains and operates with international special operations units. [64] Rainfall is more prevalent during winter months and less so during the early months of summer. "[34] The Irish Free State was a constitutional monarchy sharing a monarch with the United Kingdom and other Dominions of the British Commonwealth. The republic's capital is Dublin. Ireland reached the quarter finals of the 2000 Rugby League World Cup as well as reaching the semi finals in the 2008 Rugby League World Cup. It is a member of the European Union. The right to life of the unborn was protected in the constitution by the Eighth Amendment in 1983; this provision was removed following a referendum, and replaced it with a provision allowing legislation to regulate the termination of pregnancy. It joined the European Communities (EC), the predecessor of the European Union, in 1973. Apple, Google, Microsoft, Facebook), which delivered a GDP growth rate of 26.3% (and GNP growth rate of 18.7%) in 2015. Business. Other languages spoken in Ireland include Shelta, spoken by Irish Travellers, and a dialect of Scots is spoken by some Ulster Scots people in Donegal. [226] Franciscans were dominant in directing the abbeys by the Late Middle Ages, while elegant tower houses, such as Bunratty Castle, were built by the Gaelic and Norman aristocracy. This represents a 2% decrease from the 2011 census figure of 544,357. Although originally published in English in 1912,[271] the song was translated into Irish in 1923 and the Irish-language version is more commonly sung today. The "Emerald Isle" is famous for Saint Patrick’s Day, Irish Pubs and Guinness beer, castles and castles in pieces. In wartime, additional tasks include the provision of a traffic control organisation to allow rapid movement of military formations to their mission areas. Ireland ranks among the top ten wealthiest countries in the world in terms of GDP per capita,[11] and as the tenth most prosperous country in the world according to The Legatum Prosperity Index 2015. 9 Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons", "Ireland named best country for high-value FDI for sixth year in a row", "Press Statement Macroeconomic Releases Year 2016 and Quarter 1 2017 – CSO – Central Statistics Office", "Modified Gross National Income – CSO – Central Statistics Office", "IRELAND Trade and Statistical Note 2017", "20 multinationals paid half of all Corporation tax paid in 2016", "Most of Ireland's huge corporate tax haul last year came from foreign firms", "An Analysis of 2015 Corporation Tax Returns and 2016 Payments", "Ireland to receive €85 billion bailout at 5.8% interest rate", "Irish economy grew by 0.9% in 2012 – CSO", "Irish anti-immigrant attitudes growing, report shows", "Monthly Unemployment March 2016 – CSO – Central Statistics Office", "One Irish person emigrates every six minutes", "Ireland becomes first country to exit eurozone bailout programme", "Republic of Ireland raises €3.75 billion from sale of new 10-year benchmark bond", "Irish government debt four times pre-crisis level, NTMA says", "42% of Europe's banking crisis paid by Ireland", "Who owes more money – the Irish or the Greeks? 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